5-Minute Emergency Consult
Mallory–weiss Syndrome
Mallory–weiss Syndrome is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Emergency Consult.
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Basics
Description
Description
- Partial-thickness intraluminal longitudinal mucosal tear of distal esophagus or proximal stomach
- Sudden increase in intra-abdominal and/or transgastric pressure causes:
- Mild to moderate submucosal arterial and/or venous bleeding:
- May be related to underlying pathology
- “Mushrooming” of stomach into esophagus during retching has been observed endoscopically.
- Responsible for ∼8–15% of all cases of upper GI bleeding
- Mild to moderate submucosal arterial and/or venous bleeding:
Etiology
Etiology
- Associated with:
- Forceful coughing, laughing, or retching
- Lifting
- Straining
- Blunt abdominal trauma
- Seizures
- Childbirth
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- Risk factors:
- Alcoholics:
- Especially after recent binge
- Patients with hiatal hernia
- Hyperemesis gravidarum
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Chemotherapy
- Alcoholics:
- Greater bleeding associated with:
- Portal hypertension
- Esophageal varices
- Coagulopathy
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
Basics
Description
Description
- Partial-thickness intraluminal longitudinal mucosal tear of distal esophagus or proximal stomach
- Sudden increase in intra-abdominal and/or transgastric pressure causes:
- Mild to moderate submucosal arterial and/or venous bleeding:
- May be related to underlying pathology
- “Mushrooming” of stomach into esophagus during retching has been observed endoscopically.
- Responsible for ∼8–15% of all cases of upper GI bleeding
- Mild to moderate submucosal arterial and/or venous bleeding:
Etiology
Etiology
- Associated with:
- Forceful coughing, laughing, or retching
- Lifting
- Straining
- Blunt abdominal trauma
- Seizures
- Childbirth
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- Risk factors:
- Alcoholics:
- Especially after recent binge
- Patients with hiatal hernia
- Hyperemesis gravidarum
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Chemotherapy
- Alcoholics:
- Greater bleeding associated with:
- Portal hypertension
- Esophageal varices
- Coagulopathy
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Mallory–weiss Syndrome." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 5th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307639/all/Mallory–weiss_Syndrome.
Mallory–weiss Syndrome. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307639/all/Mallory–weiss_Syndrome. Accessed April 10, 2021.
Mallory–weiss Syndrome. (2016). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (5th edition). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307639/all/Mallory–weiss_Syndrome
Mallory–weiss Syndrome [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. [cited 2021 April 10]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307639/all/Mallory–weiss_Syndrome.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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ED - Hayden,Stephen R,
ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307639/all/Mallory–weiss_Syndrome
PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ET - 5
DB - Emergency Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -
