5-Minute Emergency Consult
Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
Ethylene Glycol Poisoning is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Emergency Consult.
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Basics
Description
Description
- Peak serum concentration in 1–4 hr
- Half-life, 2.5–4.5 hr
- <20% excreted unmetabolized by kidneys
- Pathophysiology:
- Metabolized by hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase ultimately to oxalic acid
- Results in aldehyde and acid metabolites
- Directly toxic to kidney
- Ethylene glycol metabolism:
- Step 1 Ethylene glycol is converted by alcohol dehydrogenase to glycoaldehyde
- Step 2 Glycoaldehyde is converted by aldehyde dehydrogenase to glycolic acid
- Step 3 Glycolic acid is converted by lactate dehydrogenase to glyoxylic acid
- Step 4 Glyoxylic acid is converted to oxalic acid
Etiology
Etiology
- Ethylene-glycol–containing products:
- Antifreeze
- Solvents
- Min reported lethal dose is 30 mL of 100% ethylene glycol
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Basics
Description
Description
- Peak serum concentration in 1–4 hr
- Half-life, 2.5–4.5 hr
- <20% excreted unmetabolized by kidneys
- Pathophysiology:
- Metabolized by hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase ultimately to oxalic acid
- Results in aldehyde and acid metabolites
- Directly toxic to kidney
- Ethylene glycol metabolism:
- Step 1 Ethylene glycol is converted by alcohol dehydrogenase to glycoaldehyde
- Step 2 Glycoaldehyde is converted by aldehyde dehydrogenase to glycolic acid
- Step 3 Glycolic acid is converted by lactate dehydrogenase to glyoxylic acid
- Step 4 Glyoxylic acid is converted to oxalic acid
Etiology
Etiology
- Ethylene-glycol–containing products:
- Antifreeze
- Solvents
- Min reported lethal dose is 30 mL of 100% ethylene glycol
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Ethylene Glycol Poisoning." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 5th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307624/1.1/Ethylene_Glycol_Poisoning.
Ethylene Glycol Poisoning. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307624/1.1/Ethylene_Glycol_Poisoning. Accessed March 30, 2023.
Ethylene Glycol Poisoning. (2016). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (5th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307624/1.1/Ethylene_Glycol_Poisoning
Ethylene Glycol Poisoning [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. [cited 2023 March 30]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307624/1.1/Ethylene_Glycol_Poisoning.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
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