Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
Basics
Basics
Basics
Description
Description
Description
- Peak serum concentration in 1–4 hr
- Half-life, 2.5–4.5 hr
- <20% excreted unmetabolized by kidneys
- Pathophysiology:
- Metabolized by hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase to glycolic and oxalic acid
- Results in aldehyde and acid metabolites
- Directly toxic to kidney
- Ethylene glycol metabolism:
- Step 1: Ethylene glycol is converted by alcohol dehydrogenase to glycoaldehyde
- Step 2: Glycoaldehyde is converted by aldehyde dehydrogenase to glycolic acid
- Step 3: Glycolic acid is converted by lactate dehydrogenase to glyoxylic acid
- Step 4: Glyoxylic acid is converted to oxalic acid
Etiology
Etiology
Etiology
- Ethylene-glycol–containing products:
- Antifreeze, Deicing solutions
- Solvents, hydraulic brake fluid
- Minimum reported lethal dose is 30 mL of 100% ethylene glycol
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