Acute renal failure
Etiology
Prerenal azotemia
- Dehydration
- Hemorrhage, e.g., GI bleeding
- Congestive heart failure
- Renal artery stenosis including fibromuscular dysplasia
- NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors
- Obstruction, e.g., BPH, bladder tumor, pelvic mass
- Toxins: NSAIDs, antibiotics, contrast, multiple myeloma, rhabdomyolysis, hemolysis, chemotherapy, hyperuricemia, cyclosporine
- Ischemia, e.g., prolonged prerenal azotemia
- Immune complex: IgA nephropathy, endocarditis, SLE, cryoglobulinemia, postinfectious, membranoproliferative, Henoch-Schönlein purpura
- Pauci-immune (ANCA+): Wegener's granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, microscopic polyarteritis
- Anti-GBM: Goodpasture's syndrome, anti-GBM glomerulonephritis
- Other: malignant hypertension, TTP, scleroderma renal crisis, preeclampsia-eclampsia
- Drugs: beta-lactams, sulfa, diuretics, NSAIDs, rifampin, phenytoin, allopurinol
- Infections: Streptococcus, leptospirosis, CMV, histoplasmosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Immune: SLE, Sjögren's syndrome, sarcoidosis, cryoglobulinemia
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Last updated: December 1, 2014
Citation
Zeiger, Roni F.. "Acute Renal Failure." Diagnosaurus, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2014. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114955/all/Acute_renal_failure.
Zeiger RFR. Acute renal failure. Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2014. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114955/all/Acute_renal_failure. Accessed December 1, 2024.
Zeiger, R. F. (2014). Acute renal failure. In Diagnosaurus (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114955/all/Acute_renal_failure
Zeiger RFR. Acute Renal Failure [Internet]. In: Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2014. [cited 2024 December 01]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114955/all/Acute_renal_failure.
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T1 - Acute renal failure
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