Transient ischemic attack

Etiology

  • Embolic: atrial fibrillation, carotid atherosclerosis, left ventricular aneurysm, dilated cardiomyopathy, acute myocardial infarction, endocarditis, mechanical valve, mitral valve prolapse, aortic arch atherosclerosis, atrial myxoma, patent foramen ovale
  • Thrombotic: atherosclerosis, small vessel ischemia, vasculitis, eg, systemic lupus erythematosus, polycythemia, thrombocytosis, sickle cell disease, meningovascular syphilis, arterial dissection or aneurysm, eg, intracerebral carotid or vertebral
  • Hemorrhagic: hypertension, amyloidosis, conversion of ischemic stroke, cocaine

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Last updated: December 1, 2014