Acute hepatitis
Etiology
Causes of acute hepatitis
- Viral: hepatitis A, B, C*, D (in presence of B), E, infectious mononucleosis, CMV, HSV, parvovirus B19
- Other infections, e.g., leptospirosis, secondary syphilis, brucellosis, Q fever
- Alcoholic hepatitis
- Toxins (predictable): acetaminophen, Amanita mushrooms, tetracycline, valproic acid
- Toxins (idiosyncratic): INH, NSAIDs, statins, azole antifungals, halothane, ecstasy, kava
- Vascular: right-sided CHF, shock liver, portal vein thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome
- Metabolic: Wilson’s disease, acute fatty liver of pregnancy, Reye’s syndrome
- Autoimmune hepatitis*
- Lymphoma or metastatic cancer*
* generally do not present acutely
Causes of cholestasis (selected)
- Extrahepatic: choledocholithiasis, pancreatic tumor, biliary stricture, primary sclerosing cholangitis (intra- and extrahepatic)
- Intrahepatic: primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune cholangitis, infiltrative disease (e.g., TB, sarcoidosis, lymphoma, amyloidosis), drugs
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Last updated: January 12, 2015
Citation
Zeiger, Roni F.. "Acute Hepatitis." Diagnosaurus, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2015. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114699/all/Acute_hepatitis.
Zeiger RFR. Acute hepatitis. Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2015. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114699/all/Acute_hepatitis. Accessed December 11, 2024.
Zeiger, R. F. (2015). Acute hepatitis. In Diagnosaurus (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114699/all/Acute_hepatitis
Zeiger RFR. Acute Hepatitis [Internet]. In: Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2015. [cited 2024 December 11]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114699/all/Acute_hepatitis.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Acute hepatitis
ID - 114699
A1 - Zeiger,Roni F,
Y1 - 2015/01/12/
BT - Diagnosaurus
UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114699/all/Acute_hepatitis
PB - McGraw-Hill Education
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DB - Emergency Central
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