Acute pulmonary edema

Etiology

Cardiogenic

  • CHF
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Myocardial ischemia
  • Volume overload of left ventricle: mitral regurgitation, aortic insufficiency, ventricular septal defect
  • Mitral stenosis
Noncardiogenic
  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
  • Sepsis
  • DIC
  • Increased intracerebral pressure (e.g., intracerebral bleed or stroke)
  • Aspiration pneumonia
  • High altitude
  • Drug reaction
  • Transfusion reaction
  • Salicylate intoxication
  • Radiographic contrast allergy
  • Inhaled toxins, e.g., smoke inhalation

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Last updated: December 1, 2014