Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Etiology

  • Relaxation or incompetence of lower esophageal sphincter
  • Hiatal hernia
  • Abnormal acid clearance (esophageal peristalsis), eg, scleroderma
  • Impaired salivation (exacerbates gastroesophageal reflux disease), eg, Sjögren’s syndrome, anticholinergics, radiation
  • Delayed gastric emptying (exacerbates gastroesophageal reflux disease), eg, gastroparesis

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Last updated: December 1, 2014