Hypokalemia
Etiology
Decreased potassium intake Potassium shift into cell
- Insulin excess, eg, postprandial
- Alkalosis
- Beta-adrenergic agonists
- Trauma (possibly via epinephrine)
- Hypokalemic periodic paralysis
- Primary hyperaldosteronism
- Secondary hyperaldosteronism (dehydration, heart failure)
- Renovascular or malignant hypertension
- Cushing's syndrome
- European licorice (inhibits cortisol)
- Renin-producing tumor
- Congenital abnormality of steroid metabolism (eg, adrenogenital syndrome, 17?-hydroxylase defect)
- Diuretics (furosemide, thiazides)
- Salt-losing nephropathy
- Unreabsorbable anion
- Carbenicillin, penicillin
- Fanconi's syndrome
- Interstitial nephritis
- Metabolic alkalosis (bicarbonaturia)
- Bartter's syndrome
- Liddle's syndrome
- Vomiting, diarrhea, laxative abuse
- Villous adenoma, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma)
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Last updated: December 1, 2014
Citation
Zeiger, Roni F.. "Hypokalemia." Diagnosaurus, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2014. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114276/all/Hypokalemia.
Zeiger RFR. Hypokalemia. Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2014. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114276/all/Hypokalemia. Accessed October 9, 2024.
Zeiger, R. F. (2014). Hypokalemia. In Diagnosaurus (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114276/all/Hypokalemia
Zeiger RFR. Hypokalemia [Internet]. In: Diagnosaurus. McGraw-Hill Education; 2014. [cited 2024 October 09]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114276/all/Hypokalemia.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Hypokalemia
ID - 114276
A1 - Zeiger,Roni F,
Y1 - 2014/12/01/
BT - Diagnosaurus
UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/Diagnosaurus/114276/all/Hypokalemia
PB - McGraw-Hill Education
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