SIADH

Etiology

Central nervous system disorders

  • Head trauma
  • Stroke
  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage
  • Hydrocephalus
  • Brain tumor
  • Encephalitis
  • Guillain-Barré syndrome
  • Meningitis
  • Acute psychosis
  • Acute intermittent porphyria

Pulmonary lesions

  • Tuberculosis
  • Bacterial pneumonia
  • Aspergillosis
  • Bronchiectasis
  • Neoplasms
  • Positive pressure ventilation

Malignancy

  • Bronchogenic carcinoma
  • Pancreatic carcinoma
  • Prostatic carcinoma
  • Renal cell carcinoma
  • Adenocarcinoma of colon
  • Thymoma
  • Osteosarcoma
  • Malignant lymphoma
  • Leukemia

Drugs

  • Increased ADH production
  1. Antidepressants: tricyclics, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, SSRIs
  2. Antineoplastics: cyclophosphamide, vincristine
  3. Carbamazepine
  4. Methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA; Ecstasy)
  5. Clofibrate
  6. Neuroleptics: thiothixene, thioridazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol, trifluoperazine
  • Potentiated ADH action
  1. Carbamazepine
  2. Chlorpropamide, tolbutamide
  3. Cyclophosphamide
  4. NSAIDs
  5. Somatostatin and analogues

Others

  • Postoperative
  • Pain
  • Stress
  • AIDS
  • Pregnancy (physiologic)
  • Hypokalemia

See related DDx

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