olopatadine (nasal)
General
Pronunciation:
o-lo-pa-ta-deen
Trade Name(s)
- Patanase
Ther. Class.
allergy, cold and cough remedies
Pharm. Class.
Indications
Seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Action
Antagonizes the effects of histamine at histamine1 receptor sites; does not bind to or inactivate histamine.
Therapeutic Effect(s):
Decreased symptoms of histamine excess including rhinorrhea, sneezing, and nasal itching.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: 57% absorbed from nasal mucosa.
Distribution: Unknown.
Metabolism and Excretion: Minimal metabolism; 70% eliminated in urine mostly as unchanged drug; 17% fecal elimination.
Half-life: 8–12 hr.
TIME/ACTION PROFILE
ROUTE | ONSET | PEAK | DURATION |
---|---|---|---|
Nasal | rapid | unknown | 12 hr |
Contraindication/Precautions
Contraindicated in:
- None.
Use Cautiously in:
- OB: Safety not established in pregnancy;
- Lactation: Safety not established in breastfeeding;
- Pedi: Children <6 yr (safety and effectiveness not established);
- Geri: Dose cautiously in older adults; consider age-related ↓ in organ function and concurrent medications.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
EENT: epistaxis, nasal perforation, nasal ulceration, pharyngolaryngeal pain, postnasal drip
GI: bitter taste
Neuro: drowsiness, headache
Resp: cough
* CAPITALS indicate life-threatening.
Underline indicate most frequent.
Interactions
Drug-Drug
↑ CNS depression may occur with alcohol ; avoid concurrent use.
Route/Dosage
Intranasal (Adults and Children ≥ 12 yr): 2 sprays in each nostril twice daily.
Intranasal (Children 6–11 yr): 1 spray in each nostril twice daily.
Availability (generic available)
Nasal spray: 665 mcg/spray in 30.5-g bottle (provides 240 sprays)
In Combination with: mometasone (Ryaltris). See combination drugs.
Assessment
- Assess for symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (sneezing, runny nose, nasal itching) prior to and during therapy.
Implementation
- Administer 2 sprays per nostril twice daily.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Instruct patient to prime nasal spray by releasing 5 sprays or spraying until a fine mist appears before initial use. If unit has not been used within 7 days, reprime with 2 sprays. Advise patient to discard nasal device after 240 sprays (30 days) even if bottle is not completely empty; correct amount of medication cannot be assured after 240 sprays.
- May cause drowsiness. Advise patient to avoid driving or other activities that require alertness until response to medication is known.
- Instruct patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol or other CNS depressants.
- Rep: Advise females of reproductive potential to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected or if breastfeeding.
Evaluation/Desired Outcomes
Relief of symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal itching).