Hematuria/proteinuria
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Basics
Description
- Microscopic hematuria: ≥3 red blood cells per high-power field in 2 of the 3 properly collected urine specimens
- Gross hematuria: Visible blood in properly collected urine specimen
- Proteinuria: Urinary protein excretion of >150 mg/d
- Risk factors for disease in asymptomatic proteinuria:
- Diabetes
- HTN
- NSAID abuse
- Heroin use
- Risk factors for disease in asymptomatic hematuria:
- Tobacco use
- Occupational exposure to benzenes, aromatic amines, and dyes
- History of gross hematuria
- Age >40 yr old
- History of urologic disorder or disease
- History of painful voiding
- History of UTI
- Analgesic abuse
- History of pelvic irradiation
Etiology
- Proteinuria:
- Glomerular:
- Nephritic (postinfectious, IgA, lupus, vasculitis)
- Nephrotic (minimal change, diabetes, preeclampsia)
- Tubular
- Overflow (hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis, multiple myeloma)
- Postrenal proteinuria
- Glomerular:
- Hematuria:
- UTI
- Stones (renal, bladder)
- BPH
- Cancer (bladder, renal, prostate)
- Transient unexplained
- Acute glomerulonephritis
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Basics
Description
- Microscopic hematuria: ≥3 red blood cells per high-power field in 2 of the 3 properly collected urine specimens
- Gross hematuria: Visible blood in properly collected urine specimen
- Proteinuria: Urinary protein excretion of >150 mg/d
- Risk factors for disease in asymptomatic proteinuria:
- Diabetes
- HTN
- NSAID abuse
- Heroin use
- Risk factors for disease in asymptomatic hematuria:
- Tobacco use
- Occupational exposure to benzenes, aromatic amines, and dyes
- History of gross hematuria
- Age >40 yr old
- History of urologic disorder or disease
- History of painful voiding
- History of UTI
- Analgesic abuse
- History of pelvic irradiation
Etiology
- Proteinuria:
- Glomerular:
- Nephritic (postinfectious, IgA, lupus, vasculitis)
- Nephrotic (minimal change, diabetes, preeclampsia)
- Tubular
- Overflow (hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis, multiple myeloma)
- Postrenal proteinuria
- Glomerular:
- Hematuria:
- UTI
- Stones (renal, bladder)
- BPH
- Cancer (bladder, renal, prostate)
- Transient unexplained
- Acute glomerulonephritis
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