Description

• Individual who has left/fled home country through force or voluntarily
• Includes refugees or asylum-seekers fleeing violence and persecution

Epidemiology

Incidence and Prevalence Estimates

• Over 200 million migrants globally in 2020
• Immigrants make up 13.9% of the US population (2022)

Etiology

• Migration to developed countries due to “push” factors and “pull” factors
  • Push factors:
    • War and violence
    • Lack of economic or educational opportunity
    • Climate change or national disasters
    • Religious, ethnic, or political persecution
  • Pull factors:
    • Economic, educational opportunities
    • Safety and security
    • Access to better medical care
    • Political or religious freedom