Hiv/Aids

Basics

Description

  • Individuals become infected with HIV through exposure to bodily fluids with detectable viral loads through direct inoculation to the bloodstream or mucosal surfaces
  • AIDS: Defined as lab evidence of HIV with CD4 <200 or AIDS-defining illness
  • Opportunistic diseases:
    • CD <500 cells/mm3:
      • Oroesophageal candidiasis
      • Pneumococcal infection
      • Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
      • Hairy leukoplakia
      • Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
    • CD4 <200 cells/mm3:
      • Pneumocystis pneumonia
      • Cryptococcal infection
      • Disseminated tuberculosis
      • Cryptosporidiosis
      • Isosporiasis
      • Toxoplasmosis
      • Histoplasmosis
    • CD4 <50 cells/mm3:
      • CNS lymphoma
      • Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
      • TB pericarditis or meningitis
      • Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
      • Cholangiopathy (most common cause Cryptosporidium parvum)

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