Hyperventilation Syndrome
Basics
Description
Description
- Hyperventilation syndrome describes a constellation of symptoms:
- Most commonly: Dyspnea, chest pain, lightheadedness, and paresthesias
- Produced by a nonphysiologic increase in minute ventilation:
- Minute ventilation may be increased by increasing respiratory rate or tidal volume (sighs)
- Pathologic or physiologic causes of hyperventilation must be excluded before the diagnosis of hyperventilation syndrome can be assigned
- Prevalence:
- 10–15% in the general population
- May be more common in women
- 25–83% in patients with an anxiety disorder
Etiology
Etiology
- Usually a response to psychological stressors
- Etiology of symptoms is unclear
- Underlying disorders that may contribute to hyperventilation:
- Hypocapnia
- Hypophosphatemia
- Hypocalcemia
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Hyperventilation Syndrome." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307687/all/Hyperventilation_Syndrome.
Hyperventilation Syndrome. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307687/all/Hyperventilation_Syndrome. Accessed October 15, 2024.
Hyperventilation Syndrome. (2020). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307687/all/Hyperventilation_Syndrome
Hyperventilation Syndrome [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. [cited 2024 October 15]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307687/all/Hyperventilation_Syndrome.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Hyperventilation Syndrome
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BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
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