Parkinson Disease
Basics
Description
Description
- Gradual progressive neurologic disorder of middle or late life
- Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra
- Accelerated cortical atrophy
- Only definitive diagnosis is on autopsy
- Can begin unilaterally, but generalizes to symmetric
- Lifetime risk: 2% in males, 1.3% in females
- Mean age of onset is 60 yr old
- May have symptoms 20 yr prior to diagnosis:
- Nonspecific:
- Fatigue
- Constipation
- Hyposomia
- Nonspecific:
Etiology
Etiology
- Sporadic or idiopathic
- Disorders presenting with parkinsonism:
- Drug induced:
- Neuroleptics
- Antiemetics
- Chemotherapeutics
- Amphotericin B
- Toxins:
- Carbon monoxide
- Methanol
- Cyanide
- Organophosphate poisoning
- 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
- Brain lesions:
- Basal ganglia stroke
- Midbrain lesions
- Hydrocephalus
- CNS infections
- Other:
- Central pontine myelinolysis
- Encephalitis lethargica (autoantibodies against basal ganglia antigens)
- Drug induced:
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Parkinson Disease." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307675/1.3/Parkinson_Disease.
Parkinson Disease. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307675/1.3/Parkinson_Disease. Accessed December 3, 2024.
Parkinson Disease. (2020). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307675/1.3/Parkinson_Disease
Parkinson Disease [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. [cited 2024 December 03]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307675/1.3/Parkinson_Disease.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
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