Temporal–mandibular Joint Injury/syndrome
Temporal–mandibular Joint Injury/syndrome is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Emergency Consult.
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Basics
Description
Description
- Myofascial pain causing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction
- Prevalence of 40–75% of 1 sign of TMJ disorder
- Most common in 20–50-yr-olds
- Females seek treatment more frequently
- 40% have symptoms that resolve spontaneously
- TMJ is a synovial joint:
- Allows for hinge and sliding movements
- Articular disorders:
- Congenital or developmental
- Degenerative joint disorders:
- Inflammatory (rheumatoid arthritis)
- Noninflammatory (osteoarthritis)
- Trauma
- TMJ hypermobility:
- Laxity
- Dislocation
- Subluxation
- TMJ hypomobility:
- Trismus
- Fibrosis
- Infection
- Neoplasm
- Masticatory muscle disorders:
- Local myalgias
- Myositis
- Muscle spasm
- Contracture
- Myofascial pain disorder
- TMJ clicking:
- May be normal finding; present as a transient finding in 40–60% of the population
- TMJ motion:
- Typical range is 35–55 mm (maxillary to mandible incisors)
- Limited by adhesions within the joint or disk displacement or trismus from muscle spasm
- Intra-articular disk disorder:
- Anterior displacement with reduction:
- Displacement in closed mouth position
- Often with a click and variable pain with opening mouth
- May worsen over time
- Anterior disk displacement without reduction:
- Disk is a mechanical obstruction to opening mouth
- Maximal opening may be 20–25 mm
- Often difficult to correct
- Anterior displacement with reduction:
Etiology
TMJ dysfunction is poorly understood:Etiology
- Multifactorial:
- Bruxism (teeth grinding)
- Trauma
- Malocclusion
- Onset may be related to stress
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Citation
* When formatting your citation, note that all book, journal, and database titles should be italicized* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - ELEC
T1 - Temporal–mandibular Joint Injury/syndrome
ID - 307656
ED - Barkin,Adam Z,
ED - Barkin,Roger M,
ED - Hayden,Stephen R,
ED - Rosen,Peter,
ED - Schaider,Jeffrey J,
ED - Shayne,Philip,
ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307656/all/Temporal–mandibular_Joint_Injury_syndrome
PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ET - 5
DB - Emergency Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -