Glaucoma
Basics
Description
Description
Disease characterized by elevation of intraocular pressure, optic neuropathy, and progressive loss of vision
Etiology
Etiology
- Primary glaucoma:
- Open-angle glaucoma:
- Normal anterior chamber angle
- Insidious onset with persistent rise in intraocular pressure
- Most common type accounting for 90% of glaucomas in the U.S.
- Leading cause of blindness in African Americans
- Risk factors include Chinese, African American, age >40 yr, family history, myopia, diabetes, and HTN
- Acute angle-closure glaucoma:
- Narrowing or closing of anterior chamber angle precluding natural flow of aqueous humor from posterior to anterior chamber of eye and through its filtering portion of trabecular meshwork
- Usually abrupt onset with sudden increase in intraocular pressure
- Risk factors include Asians and Eskimos, hyperopia, family history, increased age, and female gender
- Open-angle glaucoma:
- Secondary glaucoma occurs from other diseases, including diseases of eye, trauma, and drugs:
- Can be either open or closed angle
- Drugs: Steroids, sertraline, bronchodilators, topiramate
- Diseases: Neurofibromatosis, uveitis, neovascularization, and intraocular tumors
- Trauma
- Rapid correction of hyperglycemia
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Glaucoma." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307588/all/Glaucoma.
Glaucoma. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307588/all/Glaucoma. Accessed November 8, 2024.
Glaucoma. (2020). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307588/all/Glaucoma
Glaucoma [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. [cited 2024 November 08]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307588/all/Glaucoma.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - ELEC
T1 - Glaucoma
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ED - Barkin,Adam Z,
ED - Shayne,Philip,
ED - Rosen,Peter,
ED - Schaider,Jeffrey J,
ED - Barkin,Roger M,
ED - Hayden,Stephen R,
ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307588/all/Glaucoma
PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ET - 6
DB - Emergency Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
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