5-Minute Emergency Consult
Myocardial Contusion
Myocardial Contusion is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Emergency Consult.
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Basics
Description
Description
- Also known as blunt cardiac injury
- Pathologically characterized by discrete and well-demarcated area of hemorrhage
- Usually subendocardial
- May extend in pyramidal transmural fashion
- Most commonly involves anterior wall of right ventricle or atrium due to anatomic location
Etiology
Etiology
- Blunt trauma to chest:
- High-speed deceleration accidents
- May occur in accidents with speeds as low as 20–35 mph
- Auto–pedestrian injuries
- Falls
- Prolonged closed-chest cardiac massage
- Heart may be compressed between sternum and vertebrae
- Heart strikes sternum during deceleration
- Heart is damaged by abdominal viscera upwardly displaced by force on abdomen
- Concussive forces (e.g., explosion)
- Associated conditions:
- Life-threatening dysrhythmias
- Cardiogenic shock/CHF
- Hemopericardium with tamponade
- Valvular/myocardial rupture
- Intraventricular thrombi
- Thromboembolic phenomena
- Coronary artery occlusion from intimal tearing or adjacent hemorrhage and edema may rarely occur
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
Basics
Description
Description
- Also known as blunt cardiac injury
- Pathologically characterized by discrete and well-demarcated area of hemorrhage
- Usually subendocardial
- May extend in pyramidal transmural fashion
- Most commonly involves anterior wall of right ventricle or atrium due to anatomic location
Etiology
Etiology
- Blunt trauma to chest:
- High-speed deceleration accidents
- May occur in accidents with speeds as low as 20–35 mph
- Auto–pedestrian injuries
- Falls
- Prolonged closed-chest cardiac massage
- Heart may be compressed between sternum and vertebrae
- Heart strikes sternum during deceleration
- Heart is damaged by abdominal viscera upwardly displaced by force on abdomen
- Concussive forces (e.g., explosion)
- Associated conditions:
- Life-threatening dysrhythmias
- Cardiogenic shock/CHF
- Hemopericardium with tamponade
- Valvular/myocardial rupture
- Intraventricular thrombi
- Thromboembolic phenomena
- Coronary artery occlusion from intimal tearing or adjacent hemorrhage and edema may rarely occur
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Myocardial Contusion." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 5th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307571/2.2/Myocardial_Contusion.
Myocardial Contusion. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307571/2.2/Myocardial_Contusion. Accessed March 30, 2023.
Myocardial Contusion. (2016). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (5th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307571/2.2/Myocardial_Contusion
Myocardial Contusion [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. [cited 2023 March 30]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307571/2.2/Myocardial_Contusion.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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ED - Hayden,Stephen R,
ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
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PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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DB - Emergency Central
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