Pharyngitis
Basics
Description
Description
- Inflammation/infection of the pharynx
- Third most common complaint for physician visits
- 30 million cases diagnosed annually
- Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus (GAS):
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- Unusual in children <3 yr old
- Cause of 20–30% of childhood pharyngitis
- Bimodal incidence, highest in ages 5–7 and 12–13 yr
- Cause of 5–15% of adult pharyngitis
- Peak months: January–May; also at the start of the school year
Etiology
Etiology
- Viral (most common infectious cause [60–80%]):
- Rhinovirus (20%)
- Coronavirus (>5%)
- Adenovirus (5%)
- Herpes simplex virus (4%)
- Parainfluenza virus (2%)
- Influenza virus (2%)
- Coxsackievirus (<1%)
- Epstein–Barr virus (<1%)
- Acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- Bacterial:
- GAS (S. pyogenes [5–30%])
- Fusobacterium necrophorum (10%)
- Group C & G β-hemolytic Streptococcus (5%)
- Neisseria gonorrhea (<1%)
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae (<1%)
- Arcanobacterium haemolyticum (<1%)
- Chlamydia pneumoniae
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae (<1%)
- Syphilis
- Tuberculosis
- Fungal:
- Candida (thrush)
- Chemical burns
- Foreign bodies
- Inhalants
- Postnasal drip
- Malignancy
- GERD
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Pharyngitis." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307508/all/Pharyngitis.
Pharyngitis. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307508/all/Pharyngitis. Accessed October 15, 2024.
Pharyngitis. (2020). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307508/all/Pharyngitis
Pharyngitis [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. [cited 2024 October 15]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307508/all/Pharyngitis.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Pharyngitis
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ED - Hayden,Stephen R,
ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
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PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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DB - Emergency Central
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