Osteoporosis
Basics
Description
Description
- Overall decrease in skeletal mass, generally diffuse
- Skeletal fragility and increased risk of fracture
- Trabecular bone (especially vertebrae and femur) affected more commonly and earlier
- Disease begins in adolescence, but fractures do not usually manifest until age ≥50
- Females affected much more commonly than males, especially after menopause; thought related to estrogen deficiency or age
Etiology
Etiology
- Overall increase in resorption over formation of new bone
- Advanced age is the most important risk factor
- Inadequate dietary calcium an important factor, especially early in life
- Sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor (weight bearing on bone favors new bone formation)
- Decrease in estrogen with menopause key factor in women
- Other risk factors include long-term steroid use, alcoholism, methotrexate, tobacco use, low body weight
- Familial or hereditary factor may coexist
Pediatric Considerations
Although disease appears to start in adolescence, pediatric patients are asymptomatic
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Osteoporosis." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307489/all/Osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307489/all/Osteoporosis. Accessed December 11, 2024.
Osteoporosis. (2020). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307489/all/Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. [cited 2024 December 11]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307489/all/Osteoporosis.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Osteoporosis
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ED - Hayden,Stephen R,
ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307489/all/Osteoporosis
PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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DB - Emergency Central
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