Aphthous Ulcers
Basics
Description
Painful ovoid or round ulcerations on the mucous membranes of the mouth, tongue, or genitals:Description
- Commonly referred to as “canker sores”
Etiology
Etiology
- Unknown
- Etiology likely multifactorial with some correlation with:
- Immunologic dysfunction; alteration of cell-mediated immune system
- Infection
- Food hypersensitivities (i.e., gluten)
- Vitamin deficiency
- Pregnancy
- Menstruation
- Trauma
- Stress
- Ethnicity/genetics
- Immunodeficiency
- Medications: β-blockers, anti-inflammatory
- Epidemiology: Usually occurs in children and young adults (peak age of onset: Between 10 and 19 yr old)
- Most common inflammatory ulcerative condition of the oral cavity (20–40% of general population)
- More common in women
- May be familial
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Aphthous Ulcers." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307478/all/Aphthous_Ulcers.
Aphthous Ulcers. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307478/all/Aphthous_Ulcers. Accessed October 9, 2024.
Aphthous Ulcers. (2020). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307478/all/Aphthous_Ulcers
Aphthous Ulcers [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. [cited 2024 October 09]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307478/all/Aphthous_Ulcers.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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