Rheumatic Fever
Basics
Description
Description
- Constellation of symptoms and signs (revised Jones criteria)
- Follows group A streptococcal infection (GAS) also known as Streptococcus pyogenes; usually pharyngitis
- Uncommon in the U.S.; most cases are in developing nations, more common in indigenous populations in Australia and New Zealand
- Remains a major cause of cardiac morbidity and mortality worldwide with over 230,000 deaths per year
- Most common in 5–15-yr olds
Etiology
Etiology
- GAS pharyngitis (not associated with GAS skin infections)
- Inflammatory, autoimmune response following GAS infection attacking connective tissue
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Rheumatic Fever." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307444/all/Rheumatic_Fever. 
Rheumatic Fever. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307444/all/Rheumatic_Fever. Accessed October 31, 2025.
Rheumatic Fever. (2020). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307444/all/Rheumatic_Fever
Rheumatic Fever [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. [cited 2025 October 31]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307444/all/Rheumatic_Fever.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1  -  Rheumatic Fever
ID  -  307444
ED  -  Barkin,Adam Z,
ED  -  Shayne,Philip,
ED  -  Rosen,Peter,
ED  -  Schaider,Jeffrey J,
ED  -  Barkin,Roger M,
ED  -  Hayden,Stephen R,
ED  -  Wolfe,Richard E,
BT  -  5-Minute Emergency Consult
UR  -  https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307444/all/Rheumatic_Fever
PB  -  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ET  -  6
DB  -  Emergency Central
DP  -  Unbound Medicine
ER  -  

 5-Minute Emergency Consult
5-Minute Emergency Consult

