Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Emergency Consult.

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Basics

Description

  • Presence of endometrial tissue and glands outside uterus
  • An estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease
  • Affects 6–10% of women of reproductive age and 50–60% of women/teenage girls with pelvic pain
  • Endometrial tissue found anywhere in pelvic cavity, on ovaries, uterine ligament (due to retrograde menstruation) and distant sites, including bowel and lungs

Etiology

  • Unknown

Pediatric Considerations
Not prior to menarche

Risk Factors

  • Anatomic obstruction of menstrual outflow
  • Early menarche
  • Short menstrual cycles
  • Genetic component suggested by twin and family studies

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