Bite, Human
Basics
Description
Description
- Third most common bite (after dogs and cats)
- Most bites (up to 75%) occur during aggressive acts
- 15–20% are related to sexual activity (love nips)
- 2 types of bites:
- Occlusional bites: Laceration or crush injury to affected body part:
- Occurs when human teeth bite into the skin
- More prone to infection than animal bites
- Clenched-fist injuries (CFIs) (CFIs; most serious type): Present as small wounds over metacarpophalangeal joints in dominant hand (fight bites):
- Sustained from a clenched fist striking the mouth and teeth of another person
- Occlusional bites: Laceration or crush injury to affected body part:
- With joint relaxation from the clenched position:
- Puncture site sealed
- Oral bacteria inoculated in the anaerobic setting within the joint
- Bacterial inoculation carried by the tendons deeper into the potential spaces of the hand
- Increases chances for a more extensive infection
Etiology
Etiology
- Aerobic and anaerobic organisms:
- Most common:
- Streptococcus
- Staphylococcus
- Others:
- Eikenella corrodens—exhibits synergism with Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteroides, and gram-negative organisms
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Peptostreptococcus
- Corynebacterium
- Most common:
- Although rare, case reports of viral transmission via bites (hepatitis, HIV, and herpes)
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Bite, Human." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307424/all/Bite__Human.
Bite, Human. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307424/all/Bite__Human. Accessed December 10, 2024.
Bite, Human. (2020). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307424/all/Bite__Human
Bite, Human [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. [cited 2024 December 10]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307424/all/Bite__Human.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Bite, Human
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ED - Shayne,Philip,
ED - Rosen,Peter,
ED - Schaider,Jeffrey J,
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ED - Hayden,Stephen R,
ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307424/all/Bite__Human
PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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DB - Emergency Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
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