5-Minute Emergency Consult
Hypothermia
Hypothermia is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Emergency Consult.
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Basics
Description
Description
- Body temperature <35°C
- Risk factors:
- Poor temperature regulation:
- Very young
- Advanced age
- Comorbid condition
- Intoxication
- Poor temperature regulation:
- Pathophysiology:
- Loss of heat:
- Radiation: Most rapid, 50% of heat loss
- Conduction
- Convection
- Evaporation
- Respiration
- Heat production:
- Shivering
- Nonshivering thermogenesis
- Increased thyroxine
- Increased epinephrine
- Loss of heat:
Etiology
Etiology
- Dermal disease:
- Burn
- Exfoliative dermatitis
- Severe psoriasis
- Drug induced:
- Ethanol
- Phenothiazines
- Sedative–hypnotics
- Environmental:
- Immersion
- Nonimmersion
- Iatrogenic:
- Aggressive fluid replacement
- Heat stroke treatment
- Metabolic:
- Hypoadrenalism
- Hypopituitarism
- Hypothyroidism
- Neurologic:
- Acute spinal cord transection
- Head trauma
- Stroke
- Tumor
- Wernicke disease
- Neuromuscular inefficiency:
- Age extreme
- Impaired shivering
- Lack of acclimatization
- Sepsis
Pediatric Considerations
Infants have a large body surface to mass ratio Child abuse
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
Basics
Description
Description
- Body temperature <35°C
- Risk factors:
- Poor temperature regulation:
- Very young
- Advanced age
- Comorbid condition
- Intoxication
- Poor temperature regulation:
- Pathophysiology:
- Loss of heat:
- Radiation: Most rapid, 50% of heat loss
- Conduction
- Convection
- Evaporation
- Respiration
- Heat production:
- Shivering
- Nonshivering thermogenesis
- Increased thyroxine
- Increased epinephrine
- Loss of heat:
Etiology
Etiology
- Dermal disease:
- Burn
- Exfoliative dermatitis
- Severe psoriasis
- Drug induced:
- Ethanol
- Phenothiazines
- Sedative–hypnotics
- Environmental:
- Immersion
- Nonimmersion
- Iatrogenic:
- Aggressive fluid replacement
- Heat stroke treatment
- Metabolic:
- Hypoadrenalism
- Hypopituitarism
- Hypothyroidism
- Neurologic:
- Acute spinal cord transection
- Head trauma
- Stroke
- Tumor
- Wernicke disease
- Neuromuscular inefficiency:
- Age extreme
- Impaired shivering
- Lack of acclimatization
- Sepsis
Pediatric Considerations
Infants have a large body surface to mass ratio Child abuse
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Hypothermia." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 5th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307341/all/Hypothermia.
Hypothermia. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307341/all/Hypothermia. Accessed March 28, 2023.
Hypothermia. (2016). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (5th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307341/all/Hypothermia
Hypothermia [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. [cited 2023 March 28]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307341/all/Hypothermia.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Hypothermia
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ED - Hayden,Stephen R,
ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
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PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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DB - Emergency Central
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ER -
