5-Minute Emergency Consult
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Emergency Consult.
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Basics
Description
Description
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA):
- Hyperglycemia
- Ketosis
- Metabolic acidosis
- Mild DKA:
- Arterial pH: 7.25–7.3
- Serum bicarb (mmol/L): 15–18
- Anion gap: >10
- Mental status: Alert
- Moderate DKA:
- Arterial pH: 7.0–<7.24
- Serum bicarb (mmol/L): 10–<15
- Anion gap: >12
- Mental status: Alert/drowsy
- Severe DKA:
- Arterial pH: <7.0
- Serum bicarb (mmol/L): <10
- Anion gap: >12
- Mental status: Stupor/coma
Etiology
Etiology
- Inadequate insulin
- Excess of counter-regulatory hormones (glucagon, catecholamines, growth hormones, and cortisol)
- Medication noncompliance
- Infection (sepsis, UTI, pneumonia)
- New-onset diabetes
- Pregnancy
- Hyperthyroidism
- Pancreatitis
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
Basics
Description
Description
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA):
- Hyperglycemia
- Ketosis
- Metabolic acidosis
- Mild DKA:
- Arterial pH: 7.25–7.3
- Serum bicarb (mmol/L): 15–18
- Anion gap: >10
- Mental status: Alert
- Moderate DKA:
- Arterial pH: 7.0–<7.24
- Serum bicarb (mmol/L): 10–<15
- Anion gap: >12
- Mental status: Alert/drowsy
- Severe DKA:
- Arterial pH: <7.0
- Serum bicarb (mmol/L): <10
- Anion gap: >12
- Mental status: Stupor/coma
Etiology
Etiology
- Inadequate insulin
- Excess of counter-regulatory hormones (glucagon, catecholamines, growth hormones, and cortisol)
- Medication noncompliance
- Infection (sepsis, UTI, pneumonia)
- New-onset diabetes
- Pregnancy
- Hyperthyroidism
- Pancreatitis
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Diabetic Ketoacidosis." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 5th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307314/all/Diabetic_Ketoacidosis.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307314/all/Diabetic_Ketoacidosis. Accessed October 24, 2021.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis. (2016). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (5th edition). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307314/all/Diabetic_Ketoacidosis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. [cited 2021 October 24]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307314/all/Diabetic_Ketoacidosis.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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