Calcium Channel Blocker Poisoning
To view the entire topic, please log in or purchase a subscription.
Emergency Central is a collection of disease, drug, and test information including 5-Minute Emergency Medicine Consult, Davis’s Drug, McGraw-Hill Medical’s Diagnosaurus®, Pocket Guide to Diagnostic Tests, and MEDLINE Journals created for emergency medicine professionals. Explore these free sample topics:
-- The first section of this topic is shown below --
Basics
Description
- 3 classes of calcium channel blockers (CCBs):
- Phenylalkylamines (verapamil):
- Vasodilation resulting in a decrease in BP
- Negative chronotropic and inotropic effects: Reflex tachycardia not seen with a drop in BP
- Dihydropyridine (nifedipine):
- Decreased vascular resistance resulting in a drop in BP
- Little negative inotropic effect: Reflex tachycardia occurs
- Benzothiazepine (diltiazem):
- Decreased peripheral vascular resistance leading to a decrease in BP
- Heart rate (HR) and cardiac output initially increased
- Direct negative chronotropic effect, which leads to a fall in HR
- Phenylalkylamines (verapamil):
- Effects of calcium channel blockade
- Calcium plays key role in cardiac and smooth muscle contractility
- CCBs prevent:
- The entry of calcium, resulting in a lack of muscle contraction
- The normal release of insulin from pancreatic islet cells, resulting in hyperglycemia
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
Basics
Description
- 3 classes of calcium channel blockers (CCBs):
- Phenylalkylamines (verapamil):
- Vasodilation resulting in a decrease in BP
- Negative chronotropic and inotropic effects: Reflex tachycardia not seen with a drop in BP
- Dihydropyridine (nifedipine):
- Decreased vascular resistance resulting in a drop in BP
- Little negative inotropic effect: Reflex tachycardia occurs
- Benzothiazepine (diltiazem):
- Decreased peripheral vascular resistance leading to a decrease in BP
- Heart rate (HR) and cardiac output initially increased
- Direct negative chronotropic effect, which leads to a fall in HR
- Phenylalkylamines (verapamil):
- Effects of calcium channel blockade
- Calcium plays key role in cardiac and smooth muscle contractility
- CCBs prevent:
- The entry of calcium, resulting in a lack of muscle contraction
- The normal release of insulin from pancreatic islet cells, resulting in hyperglycemia
There's more to see -- the rest of this topic is available only to subscribers.