Mumps

Basics

Description

  • Vaccine-preventable infectious diseases characterized by swelling of salivary glands, in particular the parotid glands.
  • Other complications may include orchitis, aseptic meningitis, sensorineural hearing loss, pancreatitis, oophoritis
  • Recent increase in outbreaks in settings where people have close contact with one another like college campuses

Etiology

  • Rubulavirus, single-stranded RNA virus, in the Paramyxovirus family
  • Humans only known reservoir

Pediatric Considerations
  • Mumps vaccine with measles and rubella ± varicella (MMR or MMRV) should be administered to children on or after 12 mo of age. 2nd dose is usually administered at the age of 4–6 yr, before start of school
  • Catch-up vaccination should include 2 doses separated by at least 4 wk between vaccinations
  • Systemic symptoms and serious complications are less common in children when compared to adults with the infection


Pregnancy Considerations
Infection during 1st trimester of pregnancy is associated with increased spontaneous abortion. Although mumps virus may cross the placenta, there is no evidence that mumps virus causes congenital malformation


Geriatric Considerations
Adults born before 1957 are considered to have been exposed to mumps and are considered immune. However, during outbreaks, health care workers born before 1957 and without lab evidence of immunity to mumps should receive 2 doses of the MMR vaccine

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