Iritis

Basics

Most cases are idiopathic, but may be traumatic or associated with numerous infectious and noninfectious systemic diseases
Most prevalent in 30–50-yr old patients
M:F distribution is equal
May be acute or chronic
HLA B27 haplotype causative in up to 50% of cases
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Reactive Arthritis/Reiter syndrome
- Psoriatic arthritis
Other noninfectious systemic diseases include the following:
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Sarcoidosis
- Behçet disease
- Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
- Kawasaki syndrome
- Interstitial nephritis
- IgA nephropathy
- Multiple sclerosis
- Drug reactions
- Sjögren syndrome
Infectious conditions include the following:
- Viral:
  - Herpes simplex virus, type 1 (most common)
  - Rubella
  - Measles
  - Adenovirus
  - Epstein–Barr virus
  - Herpes zoster virus
  - HIV
  - Mumps
  - Varicella
  - Cytomegalovirus
  - West Nile virus
  - Chikungunya
  - Dengue
  - Zika
- Bacterial:
  - Tuberculosis
  - Syphilis
  - Pertussis
  - Brucellosis
  - Lyme disease
  - Chlamydia
  - Rickettsia
  - Gonorrhea
  - Leprosy
  - Leptospirosis
  - Cat scratch disease
- Fungal
Malignancies include the following:
- Leukemia
- Lymphoma
- Multiple sclerosis
- Malignant melanoma
- Retinoblastoma
Other causes include the following:
- Cocaine use
- Exposure to pesticides
- Corneal foreign body
- Blunt trauma
- Postoperative complication

There's more to see -- the rest of this topic is available only to subscribers.