Pyloric Stenosis
Basics
Description
Description
- Postnatal hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the circular smooth muscle cell layer causing a thickened pylorus and antrum leading to progressive gastric outlet obstruction
- Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS-1) may be a genetic susceptibility locus
- Administration of erythromycin and azithromycin in infants during first 2 wk of life may increase risk of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
- Jaundice due to transient glucuronyltransferase deficiency
- Adult: Caused by peptic ulcer disease
Etiology
Etiology
- Most common cause of GI obstruction in infants; incidence 1/150 males, 1/750 females (average: 3/1,000 live births)
- Males affected 5× more commonly than females; firstborn most common
- Familial aggregation noted, 15%:
- Child of affected parent has 7% incidence
- Recurrence risk in subsequent male children is 10%; 2% in females
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Citation
Schaider, Jeffrey J., et al., editors. "Pyloric Stenosis." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis.
Pyloric Stenosis. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis. Accessed November 3, 2024.
Pyloric Stenosis. (2020). In Schaider, J. J., Barkin, R. M., Hayden, S. R., Wolfe, R. E., Barkin, A. Z., Shayne, P., & Rosen, P. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult (6th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis
Pyloric Stenosis [Internet]. In: Schaider JJJ, Barkin RMR, Hayden SRS, Wolfe RER, Barkin AZA, Shayne PP, Rosen PP, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2020. [cited 2024 November 03]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - ELEC
T1 - Pyloric Stenosis
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ED - Hayden,Stephen R,
ED - Wolfe,Richard E,
BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult
UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis
PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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DB - Emergency Central
DP - Unbound Medicine
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