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    Pyloric Stenosis

    Pyloric Stenosis is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Emergency Consult.

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    Basics

    Description

    • Postnatal hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the circular smooth muscle cell layer causing a thickened pylorus and antrum leading to progressive gastric outlet obstruction
    • Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS-1) may be a genetic susceptibility locus.
    • Administration of erythromycin in infants during 1st 2 wk of life may increase risk of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
    • Jaundice due to transient glucuronyl transferase deficiency
    • Adult: Caused by peptic ulcer disease

    Etiology

    • Most common cause of GI obstruction in infants; incidence 1/150 males, 1/750 females (average: 3/1,000 live births)
    • Males affected 5× more commonly than females; firstborn most common
    • Familial, 15%:
      • Child of affected parent has 7% incidence.
      • Recurrence risk in subsequent male children is 10%; 2% in females.

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    Citation

    Rosen, Peter, et al., editors. "Pyloric Stenosis." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 5th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis.
    Pyloric Stenosis. In: Rosen P, Shayne P, Barkin AZ, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. 5th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis. Accessed April 25, 2019.
    Pyloric Stenosis. (2016). In Rosen, P., Shayne, P., Barkin, A. Z., Wolfe, R. E., Hayden, S. R., Barkin, R. M., & Schaider, J. J. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Available from https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis
    Pyloric Stenosis [Internet]. In: Rosen P, Shayne P, Barkin AZ, Wolfe RE, Hayden SR, Barkin RM, Schaider JJ, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. [cited 2019 April 25]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis.
    * Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
    TY - ELEC T1 - Pyloric Stenosis ID - 307156 ED - Rosen,Peter, ED - Shayne,Philip, ED - Barkin,Adam Z, ED - Wolfe,Richard E, ED - Hayden,Stephen R, ED - Barkin,Roger M, ED - Schaider,Jeffrey J, BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307156/all/Pyloric_Stenosis PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ET - 5 DB - Emergency Central DP - Unbound Medicine ER -