Anticholinergic Poisoning
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Basics
Description
- Central and peripheral cholinergic blockade
- Depending on the drug involved, antagonism occurs at muscarinic (most common), nicotinic, or both receptors
- Onset of activity: 15–60 min after ingestion
- Duration of effect: 2–24 hr
Etiology
- Many drugs contain anticholinergic properties:
- Mild at therapeutic doses
- Life threatening in overdose
- Anticholinergic substances:
- Antihistamines
- Belladonna alkaloids and synthetic congeners
- Antiparkinsonian drugs
- Cyclic antidepressants
- Antipsychotics (neuroleptics)
- Mydriatics
- Skeletal muscle relaxants (orphenadrine, cyclobenzaprine)
- Antispasmodics
- Mushrooms—Amanita muscaria, Amanita pantherina
- Plants—deadly nightshade, mandrake, henbane
- Jimson weed—smoked or ingested
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Basics
Description
- Central and peripheral cholinergic blockade
- Depending on the drug involved, antagonism occurs at muscarinic (most common), nicotinic, or both receptors
- Onset of activity: 15–60 min after ingestion
- Duration of effect: 2–24 hr
Etiology
- Many drugs contain anticholinergic properties:
- Mild at therapeutic doses
- Life threatening in overdose
- Anticholinergic substances:
- Antihistamines
- Belladonna alkaloids and synthetic congeners
- Antiparkinsonian drugs
- Cyclic antidepressants
- Antipsychotics (neuroleptics)
- Mydriatics
- Skeletal muscle relaxants (orphenadrine, cyclobenzaprine)
- Antispasmodics
- Mushrooms—Amanita muscaria, Amanita pantherina
- Plants—deadly nightshade, mandrake, henbane
- Jimson weed—smoked or ingested
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