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    Vaginal Discharge/vaginitis

    Vaginal Discharge/vaginitis is a topic covered in the 5-Minute Emergency Consult.

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    Basics

    Description

    • Vaginitis is vulvovaginal inflammation with or without abnormal vaginal discharge.
      • Common symptoms: Itching, burning, irritation, pain.
      • Abnormal discharge is defined as an increased amount or change in color.
    • Some amount of vaginal discharge is normal.
      • Glands in the cervix produce clear mucus that may turn white or yellow when exposed to air.

    Etiology

    • Bacterial vaginosis (BV):
      • The most common cause
      • Loss of normal Lactobacillus sp. (e.g., antibiotics)
      • Inability to maintain normal vaginal pH
      • Overgrowth of normally present bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mobiluncus sp., Prevotella sp., and Peptostreptococcal
    • Bacterial infections:
      • Trichomonas vaginalis (Trichomoniasis)
      • Group A strep
      • Staphylococcus aureus
    • Fungal infections:
      • Candida sp. most common
      • Often underlying immune dysfunction:
        • Diabetes
        • HIV
    • Chemical irritants
    • Foreign body
    • Atrophic vaginitis:
      • Caused by estrogen deficiency
    • Hypersensitivity
    • Collagen vascular disease
    • Herpes simplex virus (HSV):
      • Vulvovaginitis
      • Cervicitis
    • Lichen sclerosis (atrophic)
    • Fistula

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    Citation

    Rosen, Peter, et al., editors. "Vaginal Discharge/vaginitis." 5-Minute Emergency Consult, 5th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016. Emergency Central, emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307034/all/Vaginal_Discharge_vaginitis.
    Vaginal Discharge/vaginitis. In: Rosen P, Shayne P, Barkin AZ, et al, eds. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. 5th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307034/all/Vaginal_Discharge_vaginitis. Accessed April 24, 2019.
    Vaginal Discharge/vaginitis. (2016). In Rosen, P., Shayne, P., Barkin, A. Z., Wolfe, R. E., Hayden, S. R., Barkin, R. M., & Schaider, J. J. (Eds.), 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Available from https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307034/all/Vaginal_Discharge_vaginitis
    Vaginal Discharge/vaginitis [Internet]. In: Rosen P, Shayne P, Barkin AZ, Wolfe RE, Hayden SR, Barkin RM, Schaider JJ, editors. 5-Minute Emergency Consult. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016. [cited 2019 April 24]. Available from: https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307034/all/Vaginal_Discharge_vaginitis.
    * Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
    TY - ELEC T1 - Vaginal Discharge/vaginitis ID - 307034 ED - Rosen,Peter, ED - Shayne,Philip, ED - Barkin,Adam Z, ED - Wolfe,Richard E, ED - Hayden,Stephen R, ED - Barkin,Roger M, ED - Schaider,Jeffrey J, BT - 5-Minute Emergency Consult UR - https://emergency.unboundmedicine.com/emergency/view/5-Minute_Emergency_Consult/307034/all/Vaginal_Discharge_vaginitis PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ET - 5 DB - Emergency Central DP - Unbound Medicine ER -