Chronic hypoventilation

Etiology

Obstructive or central sleep apnea
Obesity-hypoventilation syndrome (Pickwickian syndrome)
Central alveolar hypoventilation (brainstem disorder)
Primary alveolar hypoventilation (Ondine’s curse)
Neuromuscular disorder, eg, myasthenia gravis, poliomyelitis, spinal cord trauma
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Chronic hypnotic use

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