Cholelithiasis (gallstones)

Etiology

Risk factors

  • Genetic, eg, Native Americans
  • Chronic hemolysis
  • Obesity, rapid weight loss, prolonged fasting
  • Crohn’s disease
  • Diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance
  • Cirrhosis
  • Pregnancy, hormone replacement, oral contraceptives
  • Other drugs, eg, clofibrate, ceftriaxone, octreotide

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