Pericarditis

Basics

Inflammation, infection, or infiltration of the pericardial sac surrounding the heart:
- Pericardial effusion may or may not be present
Acute pericarditis:
- Rapid in onset
- Potentially complicated by cardiac tamponade from effusion
Constrictive pericarditis:
- Results from chronic inflammation causing thickening and adherence of the pericardium to the heart

Idiopathic (most common)
Viral:
- Echovirus
- Coxsackie
- Adenovirus
- Varicella
- Epstein–Barr virus
- Cytomegalovirus
- Hepatitis B
- Mumps
- HIV
Bacterial:
- Tuberculosis
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Haemophilus
- Salmonella
- Legionella
Fungal:
- Candida
- Aspergillus
- Histoplasmosis
- Coccidioidomycosis
- Blastomycosis
- Nocardia
Parasitic:
- Amebiasis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Echinococcosis
Neoplastic:
- Lung
- Breast
- Lymphoma
Uremia
Myocardial infarction:
- Dressler syndrome
Connective tissue disease:
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Scleroderma
Radiation
Chest trauma
Postpericardiotomy
Aortic dissection
Myxedema
Pancreatitis
Inflammatory bowel disease
Amyloidosis
Drugs:
- Procainamide
- Cromolyn sodium
- Hydralazine
- Dantrolene
- Isoniazid
- Penicillins
- Doxorubicin/daunorubicin

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